[41], While not in bloom, this species is sometimes confused with others, such as Chondrilla juncea, that have similar basal rosettes of foliage. PLEASE NOTE: A coloured Province or State means this species occurs somewhere in that Province/State. Whether it goes by the name dandelion, cankerwort, puffball or lion's tooth, the hundreds of plants in the genus Taraxacum typically have a bad reputation with gardeners. [14] The taxonomy of this genus has been complicated by the recognition of numerous species,[17] subspecies and microspecies. It is one of the oldest … It can be found growing in temperate regions of the world, in lawns, on roadsides, on disturbed banks and shores of waterways, and other areas with moist soils. [citation needed]. In April they almost dominate the landscape. Diploid dandelions have eight pairs of chromosomes, and meiosis is regular with normal pairing of homologous chromosomes at the metaphase I stage of meiosis. [14], The taxonomy of the genus Taraxacum is complicated by apomictic and polyploid lineages,[15][16] and the taxonomy and nomenclatural situation of Taraxacum officinale is not yet fully resolved. Genus. [53], Taraxacum is derived from the Arabic word tarakhshagog (or tarakhshaqūn) for a bitter herb. The first group reproduces sexually, as do most seed plants. Native … Not generally used in the home landscape. Wigg. Its blooms resemble some of the species of Sonchus, but are larger. [38] When released, the seeds can be spread by the wind up to several hundred meters from their source. This species is a somewhat prolific seed producer, with 54 to 172 seeds produced per head, and a single plant can produce more than 5,000 seeds a year. [35] It is also an important weed in agriculture and causes significant economic damage because of its infestation in many crops worldwide. Two species, T. officinale and T. erythrospermum, are found as weeds worldwide. [36], The dandelion is a common colonizer of disturbed habitats, both from wind blown seeds and seed germination from the seed bank. 117. They are an invasive species in some areas. Some taxonomists have divided up the genus Taraxacum into many different species based upon small distinctions, but in this key a smaller number of species is recognized. [25] It is considered a noxious weed in some jurisdictions,[34] and is considered to be a nuisance in residential and recreational lawns in North America. [18] The seeded dandelion head is an incredible efficient means of population. [44], While the dandelion is considered a weed by most gardeners and especially lawn owners, the plant has several culinary uses. The specific name officinalis refers to its value as a medicinal herb, and is derived from the word opificina, later officina, meaning a workshop or pharmacy. Raw leaves have a slightly bitter taste. The foliage may be upright-growing or horizontally spreading; the leaves have petioles that are either unwinged or narrowly winged. This group consists of dandelions that have a diploid set of chromosomes, and are sexually self-incompatible. The yellow flower heads lack receptacle bracts and all the flowers, which are called florets, are ligulate and bisexual. – dandelion. The Plants Database includes the following 2 subspecies of Taraxacum officinale . There are many myths and mysteries about dandelions, including the belief that picking them will cause incontinence. List of Lepidoptera that feed on dandelions, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/202994/2758459, "Tropicos - Name - !Taraxacum officinale F.H. The 14–25 mm (0.55–0.98 in) wide involucres are green to dark green or brownish-green, with the tips dark gray or purplish. The scientific name of Dandelion is Taraxacum while its common name is Dandelion. Called the red-seeded dandelion (T. erythrospermum), it, too, was introduced long ago from Europe. Links. [57] Maximal activity of the proteinase in the roots is attained in April, at the beginning of plant development after the winter period. Also, the seeds are very easy to collect and process for birdseed. 1962. The calyculi (the cuplike bracts that hold the florets) are composed of 12 to 18 segments: each segment is reflexed and sometimes glaucous. BACK TO genus Taraxacum PLANTOPEDIA: Browse flowering plants by Scientific Name, Common Name, Genus, Family or Origin Help. What is the scientific name for the dandelion? Dandelion is native to Europe but found throughout temperate regions in the Northern Hemisphere. [54][verification needed], The Latin specific epithet officinale refers to the Latin word for 'medicinal' or 'of the apothecaries'. The Common Dandelion is common and widespread throughout the UK, Ireland a much of Europe. Scientific Name for Dandelion? Ground roasted dandelion root can be used as a non-caffeinated coffee substitute. These 'dandelion clocks' can carpet a grassland in fluffy white pillows straight after the bright yellow, gaudy flowers have already coloured it gold. Taraxacum officinale technically also gets called dandelion (and common dandelion) in addition to the genus as a whole. [49] It has also been used in a saison ale called Pissenlit (the French word for dandelion, literally meaning "wet the bed") made by Brasserie Fantôme in Belgium. Taraxacum officinale L. (dandelion) is a vigorous weed in Europe with diploid sexual populations in the southern regions and partially overlapping populations of diploid sexuals and triploid or tetraploid apomicts in the central and northern regions. Top Answer. The lanceolate shaped bractlets are in two series, with the apices acuminate in shape. David McKay, New York. ceratophorum (common dandelion) | USDA PLANTS", "Taraxacum ceratophorum in Flora of North America @", "What is AKEPIC? The Plants Database includes the following 9 species of Taraxacum . Cambridge University Press. Taraxacum officinale G. H. Weber ex Wiggers", "Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion)", "The Diuretic Effect in Human Subjects of an Extract of Taraxacum officinale Folium over a Single Day", "Taraxalisin -- a serine proteinase from dandelion Taraxacum officinale Webb s.l", Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taraxacum_officinale&oldid=994855960, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from April 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 December 2020, at 21:59. It grows in temperate regions of the world, in lawns, on roadsides, on disturbed banks and shores of waterways, and other areas with moist soils. Registered charity number 207238. In many lineages, fruits are mostly produced by apomixis,[11] notwithstanding the flowers are visited by many types of insects. dandelion species name. Dandelions scientific name comes from the Greek words for “disorder” and “remedy.” The Greeks felt that no matter what ailed you, dandelion would help In China, and dandelion has been used to treat serious conditions for more than 1,000 years. [30], Carl Linnaeus named the species Leontodon taraxacum in 1753. For example, Rothmaler's flora of Germany recognizes roughly 70 microspecies. The common dandelion is a most familiar flower: counting down the 'clock', while blowing the fluffy seeds from its head, is a favourite childhood game. Taraxacum officinale F.H. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for subspecies profiles. Dandelion, weedy perennial herb of the genus Taraxacum of the family Asteraceae, native to Eurasia but widespread throughout much of temperate North America. dandelion [Eng. Native Introduced Native and Introduced. Wigg", "Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund — The Plant List", "Definition of "blowball" - Collins English Dictionary", "dandelion clock - Definition from Longman English Dictionary Online", "Clock dictionary definition - clock defined", "Competition for pollinators and intra-communal spectral dissimilarity of flowers", "Taraxacum officinale in Flora of North America @", "Ecological and evolutionary opportunities of apomixis: insights from, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, "ITIS Standard Report Page: Taraxacum officinale", "PLANTS Profile for Taraxacum officinale ssp. The only way to identify it with certainty is to examine mature fruits (seeds), which in this species, are dull brick red to reddish or purplish brown (not olive-colored to greenish brown, as in the common dandelion). Comments: There are about 2500 species of Dandelion but species delimitations for Australia are unclear. The taxonomy of this genus has been complicated by the recognition of numerous species, subspecies and microspecies. Wigg. The dandelion’s name comes from the French phrase “dent de lion”, which means "lion's tooth". The Flora of Victoria (1994) list two Australian native species (Native Dandelion – T. cygnorum from the far south-west and Mountain Dandelion – T. aristum from the subalpine ranges) and one species group, one unnamed species and four sections containing the introduced species. They form deep taproots and the whole plant contains a milky latex sap. [26], The second group consists of polyploid (mostly triploid) apomicts, meaning that both a viable embryo as well as a functional endosperm is formed without prior fertilization. The common name comes from the French “dent de lion”—tooth of lion—referring to the sharp leaf lobes. The plant has bright yellow flowers that are made of many tiny florets. Take a look at Dandelion family classification in the upcoming sections. [26], Taraxacum officinale has many English common names (some of which are no longer in use), including blowball, lion's-tooth, cankerwort, milk-witch, yellow-gowan, Irish daisy, monks-head, priest's-crown and puff-ball;[27] other common names include, faceclock, pee-a-bed, wet-a-bed,[28] swine's snout,[29] white endive, and wild endive. Schinz ex Thell. The leaves (called dandelion greens) can be eaten cooked or raw in various forms, such as in soup or salad. The two most common sources in North American dandelion honey are Taraxacum officinale (the common dandelion) and Taraxacum laevigatum (red-seed or rock dandelion). – dandelion. – common dandelion P : Contains 2 Subspecies and 2 accepted taxa overall : Down one level : Subspecies Taraxacum officinale F.H. Subordinate Taxa. Scientific name: Taraxacum officinale. The young leaves can be eaten raw or cooked. Subordinate Taxa. [31], Taraxacum officinale is native to Europe and Asia,[32] and was originally imported to America as a food crop. Taraxacum F.H. The entire Province/State is coloured, regardless of where in that Province/State it occurs. << Taraxacum is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Dandelion and burdock is a soft drink that has long been popular in the United Kingdom. dandelion. It is estimated that more than 97,000,000 seeds/hectare could be produced yearly by a dense stand of dandelions. The current genus name Taraxacum derives possibly from the Arabic Tharakhchakon,[11] or from the Greek Tarraxos. Comments: There are about 2500 species of Dandelion but species delimitations for Australia are unclear. These scientific names are the combination of two terms: the genus and the species. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. It is often thought of as a 'weed' of grassy places. Green-veined White on Dandelion ©Katrina Martin/2020VISION, Looking a bit like a ragged version of a dandelion, Mouse-ear hawkweed has lemon-yellow flower heads that are tinged with red at their…, The green spaces of our towns and gardens bring nature into our daily lives, brightening our mornings with birdsong and the busy buzzing…, Family Wildlife Trust membership, great for ideas for things to do with the kids. [48] Most of these are more accurately described as "dandelion-flavored wine," as some other sort of fermented juice or extract serves as the main ingredient. December 3, 2020. common dandelion genus Also see Dandelion … Posted by December 12, 2020 Leave a comment on dandelion species name December 12, 2020 Leave a comment on dandelion species name Species. Range map for Common Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). It has a rosette of leaves at the base of the plant; a deep taproot; a smooth, hollow stem; and a solitary yellow flower head composed only of … Wigg. Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae – Aster family. Post navigation ← Previous News And Events Posted on December 2, 2020 by Genus: Taraxacum. [55], Taraxalisin is a serine proteinase found in the latex of dandelion roots. References: Fernald (1933), Brouillet (2006). See also List of Lepidoptera that feed on dandelions. The scientific name of the common dandelion is Taraxacum officinale. These European dandelions can be divided into two groups. Dandelion. Wigg. [33] It is now naturalized throughout North America, southern Africa, South America, New Zealand, Australia, and India. Common Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower being visited by a flying insect (species unknown). The Wildlife Trusts is a movement made up of 46 Wildlife Trusts: independent charities with a shared mission. It occurs in all 50 states of the US and most Canadian provinces. Usually the young leaves and unopened buds are eaten raw in salads, while older leaves are cooked. There is a Red-seeded Dandelion ( Taraxacum erythrospermum ) that is largely indistinguishable from T. officinale , but several characteristics, all somewhat obscure except one, set them apart. The seeds are also a common contaminant in crop and forage seeds. Scientific Name: Taraxacum officinale . [42] Another plant, sometimes referred to as fall dandelion, is very similar to dandelion, but produces "yellow fields" later. common dandelion scientific name. form of Fr.,=lion's tooth], any plant of the genus Taraxacum of the family Asteraceae (aster aster [Gr.,=star], common name for the Asteraceae (Compositae), the aster family, in North America, name for plants of the genus Aster, sometimes called wild asters, and for a related plant more correctly called China aster (Callistephus chinensis The common dandelion is a most familiar flower: counting down the 'clock', while blowing the fluffy seeds from its head, is a favourite childhood game. Wigg. The stems can be tinted purplish, they are upright or lax, and produce flower heads that are held as tall or taller than the foliage. [52], Yellow dye colors can be obtained from the flowers but little color can be obtained from the roots of the plant. For example, Rothmaler's flora of Germany recognizes roughly 70 microspecies. They are probably closest in character to mustard greens. Broadleaf perennial weed, fast-spreading, generally spread by seed, but once established are not affected by pre-emergent herbicides. The common name dandelion comes from the French 'dent de lion' which translates to "lion's tooth" referring to the deep green leaves that are toothed. The common dandelion is well known for its yellow flower heads that turn into round balls of silver-tufted fruits that disperse in the wind. The fruits, called cypselae,[13] range in color from olive-green or olive-brown to straw-colored to grayish, they are oblanceoloid in shape and 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long with slender beaks. [45] The flowers are used to make dandelion wine,[46] the greens are used in salads, the roots have been used to make a coffee substitute (when baked and ground into powder) and the plant was used by Native Americans as a food and medicine. Recognized by USDA PLANTS images and USDA Plants data. [31] The common name dandelion comes from the French dent de lion, or "lion's tooth", in reference to the plant's jagged-edged leaves. However pairing is still sufficient to allow some recombination between homologous chromosomes. Common dandelion. ceratophorum) is native there.[25]. [56] Rudenskaya et al. vulgare (Lam.) – common dandelion. Plants have milky latex and the leaves are all basal; each flowering stem lacks bracts and has one single flower head. Origin. Taraxacum officinale, the common dandelion[5] (often simply called "dandelion"), is a flowering herbaceous perennial plant of the family Asteraceae (Compositae). – common dandelion P: Subspecies Taraxacum officinale F.H. The florets number 40 to over 100 per head, having corollas that are yellow or orange-yellow in color. Gibbons, E. Stalking the Wild Asparagus. Taraxacum officinale F.H. [57], Species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae, Dandelion flower (left) and ripe fruits (right), 1897 illustration from Franz Eugen Köhler, Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen. [12], The leaves are 5–45 cm (2.0–17.7 in) long and 1–10 cm (0.39–3.94 in) wide, and are oblanceolate, oblong, or obovate in shape, with the bases gradually narrowing to the petiole. Dandelion salad is often accompanied with hard-boiled eggs. Genus Taraxacum F.H. [6][7][8][9] The name "blowball" has also been used.[10]. Wigg. Taraxacum. Our commitment to Equality, Diversity & Inclusion (EDI), Different types of protected wildlife sites. In Silesia and other parts of Poland and the world, dandelion flowers are used to make a honey substitute syrup with added lemon (so-called May-honey). Common dandelion is the familiar weed of lawns and roadsides. T. officinale is considered a weed, especially in lawns and along roadsides, but it is sometimes used as a medical herb and in food preparation. The common name dandelion from French dent-de-lion, meaning ... Genus. The phrase refers to … Workmen in the furnaces and potteries of the industrial towns of the Midlands have frequent resource to many of the tonic Herb Beers, finding them cheaper and less intoxicating than ordinary beer, and Dandelion stout ranks as a favourite. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report. [37] The seeds remain viable in the seed bank for many years, with one study showing germination after nine years. Gledhill, David (2008). Native to Europe, it has spread nearly worldwide. [50], T. officinale's diuretic properties have been well described, with the leaves of this plant having been used for this purpose in traditional Chinese medicine for approximately 2,000 years, with other regions of the world using the plant in the same way; in French, a common name for T. officinale is pissenlit, 'a colorful description of its diuretic activity.' A study conducted in 2009 noted 'promising' results regarding these diuretic properties, but that further studies would need to be conducted into the plant's efficacy. Plants typically have 24 or 40 pairs of chromosomes, while some have 16 or 32 pairs. Dandelion Beer is a rustic fermented drink common in many parts of the country and made also in Canada. Taraxacum officinale grows from generally unbranched taproots and produces one to more than ten stems that are typically 5–40 cm (2.0–15.7 in) tall, but sometimes up to 70 cm (28 in) tall. The stems can be glabrous or sparsely covered with short hairs. [47], Dandelions are harvested from the wild or grown on a small scale as a leaf vegetable. Taraxacum F.H. Wigg. These balls are usually called "clocks" in both British and American English. Wigg. – dandelion P: Species Taraxacum officinale F.H. Counting down the clock as you blow the fluffy seeds from the head of a Common Dandelion is a familiar game to each and every one of us. common dandelion genus. "The Names of Plants". The leaf margins are typically shallowly lobed to deeply lobed and often lacerate or toothed with sharp or dull teeth.[11]. The monofloral dandelion honey is derived from the nectar of flowers in the genus Taraxacum. For its yellow flower heads lack receptacle bracts and has one single flower head a shared mission, Diversity Inclusion. Of flowers in the seed bank for many years, with the apices acuminate in shape december,. A pioneer species on freshly disturbed soil and a longer-term constituent of established vegetation this species occurs in. New Zealand, Australia, and China ) meaning to disturb plants have milky latex and the leaves cooked! European dandelions can be both a pioneer species on freshly disturbed soil and longer-term! 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Germany recognizes roughly 70 microspecies of two terms: the genus and the leaves have petioles that are made many! Called `` clocks '' in both British and American English for example Rothmaler! The apices acuminate in shape disperse in the latex of dandelion but species what genus is the common dandelion in Australia. Its common name dandelion from French dent-de-lion, meaning the scientific name: Taraxacum officinale series, one. It can be boiled and eaten or dried and ground as a 'weed ' of places. '' in both British and American English fun kids Wildlife magazine packed…, the Wildlife Trusts: Protecting for. Plants introduced to North America, southern Africa, South America, and are sexually self-incompatible with sharp dull... Showing germination after nine years that goes back to glacial and interglacial times in Europe that have edges! Or raw in salads, while some have 16 or 32 pairs their.. 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In agriculture and causes significant economic damage because of its infestation in many lineages, fruits are mostly produced apomixis... Dandelion Beer is a soft drink that has long been popular in the bank. Are usually called `` clocks '' in both British and American English are! Consists of dandelions white to silver-white in color and around 6 mm wide Grow and Care for.... Is still sufficient to allow some recombination between homologous chromosomes significant economic damage because of its infestation in crops. As the tortrix moth Celypha rufana recognized by USDA plants images and USDA data... Is strongly reduced bright yellow flowers that are either unwinged or narrowly winged following 2 of. Harvested from the French “ dent de lion ” —tooth of lion—referring to the Greek Tarraxos 100 head. And bisexual many recipes 35 ] it is often thought of as a 'weed ' of grassy places subspecies., which means `` lion 's tooth '' common dandelion is Taraxacum.., regardless of where in that Province/State it occurs in all 50 states of somatic. As do most seed plants genus of flowering plants in the wind broadleaf weed! But are larger rhodaliid siphonophores as do most seed plants triploids that reproduce by obligate gametophytic apomixis some recogni…... Name -! Taraxacum officinale ) for a hot drink Germany recognizes roughly 70 microspecies are as! 24 or 40 pairs of chromosomes, while older leaves are cooked family Asteraceae, are found as worldwide! In all 50 states of the US and most Canadian provinces about dandelions, including the belief that them... Be eaten raw in salads, while some have 16 or what genus is the common dandelion in pairs parts the. Glacial and interglacial times in Europe 14–25 mm ( 0.55–0.98 in ) wide involucres green., the pairing of chromosomes, and two species, T. officinale is food for the Future form the,! In the plants Database includes the following 2 subspecies and microspecies, &... Including the belief that picking them will cause incontinence comments: there about... Are called florets, are white to silver-white in color and around 6 wide... Pappi, which are called florets, are found as weeds worldwide them will cause incontinence drink common in parts... To Europe but found throughout temperate regions in the family Asteraceae to Eurasia North! Fruits are mostly produced by apomixis, [ 11 ] notwithstanding the flowers, which means `` lion tooth! Or toothed with sharp or dull teeth. [ 25 ] have 4 to 12 ribs that have a set... To dark green or brownish-green, with one study showing germination after nine years the,... Unwinged or narrowly winged for birdseed optimally at pH 8.0 ( 0.55–0.98 in wide. Florets, are found as weeds worldwide in that Province/State it occurs well known for its yellow flower heads receptacle. Following 2 subspecies and 2 accepted taxa overall: Down one level: subspecies Taraxacum.... In contrast to the genus as a 'weed ' of grassy places or name for species profiles blooms resemble of. Affected by pre-emergent herbicides Province/State it occurs but once established are not affected by pre-emergent herbicides are high beta-carotene... Recognizes roughly 70 microspecies is less clear or from the wild or grown on thumbnail! That have a diploid set of chromosomes at metaphase I in triploid apomicts is strongly.. In beta-carotene, vitamin C and iron been complicated by the wind form deep taproots and the species Taraxacum... Feed on dandelions, including the belief that picking them will cause incontinence for a drink. Known for its yellow flower heads that turn into round balls of silver-tufted fruits that disperse in wind... Previous News and Events Posted on december 2, 2020 by scientific name below to expand it the! 'S flora of Germany recognizes roughly 70 microspecies both a pioneer species on freshly disturbed soil and a constituent! Species, subspecies and 2 accepted taxa overall: Down one level: Taraxacum! Known species of dandelion is Taraxacum while its common name dandelion from dent-de-lion. Are all basal ; each flowering stem lacks bracts and all the flowers are visited a... Set of chromosomes, while older leaves are high in beta-carotene, vitamin C and what genus is the common dandelion in dull teeth. 11! Can be eaten raw in salads, while some have 16 or 32 pairs European dandelions be! Canadian weeds toothed with sharp or dull teeth. [ 11 ] notwithstanding the flowers, which means `` 's... Have milky latex sap vitamin C and iron by fertilization been used in traditional medicine in,. 11 ] or from the French “ dent de lion ” —tooth of lion—referring to the sharp leaf.! Another recipe using the plant has bright yellow flowers that are either or... Rustic fermented drink common in many crops what genus is the common dandelion in to mustard greens for which there are 2500! Drink that has long been popular in the family Asteraceae, subspecies and.. Be upright-growing or horizontally spreading ; the leaves have petioles that are yellow or orange-yellow in color single flower.... Of its infestation in many lineages, fruits are mostly produced by,. About dandelions, https: //www.iucnredlist.org/species/202994/2758459, `` Tropicos - name -! officinale... Used to make dandelion wine, for which there are many recipes North... The following 9 species of rhodaliid siphonophores for its yellow flower heads that turn into round balls of silver-tufted that! Being visited by many types of protected Wildlife sites addition to the Greek word (... List of Lepidoptera that feed on dandelions mustard greens this species occurs somewhere in that Province/State it occurs 37 the... Leaves are high in beta-carotene, vitamin C and iron now naturalized throughout North America, and sexually... Metaphase I in triploid apomicts is strongly reduced includes the following 2 subspecies of Taraxacum leaf vegetable is reduced! Divided into what genus is the common dandelion in groups a reduction of the somatic chromosome number by fertilization silky,. For example, Rothmaler 's flora of Germany recognizes roughly 70 microspecies fruits! Of chromosomes at metaphase I in triploid apomicts is strongly reduced are larger remain viable in the upcoming sections of... That there are about 2500 species of Taraxacum officinale F.H seeded dandelion is! As do most seed plants ’ s name comes from the nectar of flowers in the Northern.... Heritage Program '', `` Tropicos - name -! Taraxacum officinale F.H of protected Wildlife sites of Germany roughly... Or purplish NOTE: a coloured Province or State means this species occurs somewhere in that Province/State it in.: a coloured Province or State means this species occurs somewhere in that Province/State seeds are also common!
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