Another, perhaps more mystical approach, builds off of the previous example. And because the Gods are real, living Beings, with agencies of Their own, They are not bound to any one culture and can not be subject to cultural appropriation, as They can manifest Themselves to any peoples or particular persons that They please. As such, we understand that Hellenism is a religion, which at the same time as an orthopraxic tradition, is not merely confined to a temple in an artificial divorce from secular life. This can be understandable to a certain degree when we find the current political situation of Greece and its inhabitants today. The phrase Hellenic Polytheistic Reconstructionism refers to the overall movement and the methodology used to revive the religion, but is not the religion itself. Therefore, according to the divine Homer, while the Gods rule over our kosmos and all things inhabiting them, Their abode isn’t a place in our mundane realm (Aldridge 2016). 2010. It is a Orphic-Platonic tradition, derived from the teachings of Orpheus through the Platonic school, and solar-based, centered around the worship of the omnipotent creator God, King Zeus-Helios. Its sense of ownership over the “Classics” is often challenged either by particular deluded “academics” from Western Europeans or equally foolish political organizations, who frequently feel a misled necessity to stress some kind of “inferiority” of present-day Greeks to their classical forebears, or even wholly erase their identity. Regards Following Droysen, Hellenistic and related terms, e.g. As such, Sell probably led to “Hellene” through regular sound change. Humans were not the ultimate in the universe:God is. One does not become part of a ethnos simply by birth. Hellenism can and will manifest in different forms in different regions and adopt itself effortlessly to the religious customs of the area where it becomes absorbed— so long as they do not conflict with Hellenism— though with a consistent Hellenic tone at the foundation. Dodekatheism originated in and is practiced in Greece and in other countries. This identity of Hellene meaning Graeco-Roman polytheist continued into the reign of the much later Constantine VII (r. 913-959 ACE), who in his De Administrando Imperio makes explicit reference to the last public Hellenes, the Maniots (Greenhalgh & Eliopoulos 1985, 22), in such a manner: “Be it known that the inhabitants of Castle Maina are not from the race of aforesaid Slavs (Melingoi and Ezeritai dwelling on the Taygetus) but from the older Romaioi, who up to the present time are termed Hellenes by the local inhabitants on account of their being in olden times idolaters and worshippers of idols like the ancient Greeks, and who were baptized and became Christians in the reign of the glorious Basil. Philostratus the Elder, Philostratus the Younger, and Callistratus. Hellenism (Greek: Ellinismós, Latin: Hellenismus), also less frequently called Olympianism (Greek: Olympianismós, Latin: Olympianismus) or Dodekatheism (Greek: Dodekatheïsmós, Latin: Duodecimdeismus), is the traditional polytheistic and animistic orthopraxic religion, lifestyle, aesthetics, and ethos of the ancient Graeco-Roman world, and is the indigenous religion of the common Greek and Latin cultural sphere… Firstly, because it allows atheists (i.e., monotheists) to be the one who define what is and what isn’t a religion, which can have enormous ramifications, both against Hellenes and non-Hellenes alike. The works of emperor Julian. So those two total at +450% piety, not considering other modifiers. This process is mandatory to practice Hellenism, but it is available to all who wish to join the Hellenic tradition. Leaders of the movement claimed in 2005 that there are as many as 2,000 adherents to the Hellenic tra The name “Hellene” is exceptionally ancient, far predating Julian’s usage. It is primarily a devotional or votive religion, based on the exchange of gifts between the divine and mortals typically through correctly performed sacrificial rituals. CK3. Howatson, M.C. As stated, Hellenism is not merely a system of orthopraxic devotion and supplication of the Gods, but rather is an entire ethos which encompasses one’s entire lifestyle and is thus lived every day. νική Ομάδα Ε", "Ύπατο Συμβούλιο των Ελλήνων Εθνικών", "Hellenism Officially Recognized as a Religion in Greece", "There's a reason why Zeus is king of the gods and Hermes isn't - The House of Vines", "The organizational and operating structure of the YSEE", "Who we are - Hellenic Religion. Hellenic religion and Hellenic polytheism are also used frequently while Dodekatheism and Olympianism are … It is not vague, undefined “earth-based” spirituality. This is a clear understanding from the ancient world, as the divine Emperor Julian tells us: “though my family [the Constantinian dynasty] is Thracian, [I] am a Greek in my habits,” or in other words, logos displaces genos (Flavius Claudius Iulianus, II 501). As such, religions of “the tribes/nations” were deemed ethnikos (“ethnic,” but this does not have the same connotation as the English word), as pertaining to a tribe or nation (not to be confused with the contemporary notion of a nation-state), in opposition to Christian katholikos, “catholic” or “universal.” In the Latin West, the term Paganus, or Pagan, was coined in the religious sense by Christians in Late Antiquity as a translation of ethnikos. This can directly relate to another etymological theory, where the word Hellene comes from the prefixes el/ελ (meaning “sun, bright, shiny,” related to elios, “sun“) and las/λας (meaning “rock, stone”). Rather, Hellenes in the context of the Hellenism this page discusses is the ethnos that had been born in ancient antiquity and survived through the centuries, from ancient Hellas through Byzantium and has survived all the way to the modern day. (in certain isolated areas it survived until the 12th century, see Tsakonia and Maniots) The majority of modern Hellenic polytheist organizations view their religious traditions as either "revivalist" or "reconstructionist", though most modern individual adherents exist somewhere on a reconstructionist to … The word 'Hellenism' is derived from the word 'Hellen' which means Greek. It is thus very straightforward to understand that Hellenism was the world’s first universal religion. The … HELLENISM, a term created in Judea in the 2nd century BCE, signifying the adoption by some of the Jews of Greek language, customs, and manners.By extension it came to mean Greek culture and all the characteristics which made a Greek recognize himself as such. ⓘ Hellenism (religion) Hellenism, the Hellenic ethnic religion, also commonly known as Hellenismos, Hellenic Polytheism, Dodekatheism, or Olympianism, comprises various religious movements which revive or reconstruct ancient Greek religious practices, … Template:Article issues Both Hinduism and Hellenism are very ancient traditions. “Where Is Olympus? Overall, as Herodotos tells us, though religion is part of Hellenism, Hellenism is more than a religion. Siniossoglou, Niketas. The majority of modern historians agree that the religion practiced by the ancient Greeks had been extinguished by the 9th century AD at the latest and that there is little to no evidence that it survived past the Middle Ages. Hellenism (Greek: Ellinismós, Latin: Hellenismus), also less frequently called Olympianism (Greek: Olympianismós, Latin: Olympianismus) or Dodekatheism (Greek: Dodekatheïsmós, Latin: Duodecimdeismus), is the traditional polytheistic and animistic orthopraxic religion, lifestyle, aesthetics, and ethos of the ancient Graeco-Roman world, and is the indigenous religion of the common Greek … Elm, Susanna. Hellenism (neoclassicism), an aesthetic movement in 18th and 19th century England and Germany; Hellenism (religion), the syncretistic religion of the Hellenistic period, re-emerging publicly since the late 1980s; See also. Rather, one must embrace the Hellenic ethos to truly become a practitioner of Hellenism. A prime example of this is the eternal city of Rome, which though having had distinctive Latin elements in many regards both linguistically and religiously, nonetheless participated in the Hellenic ethnos and had established and maintained sacred rites and pious belief in the Gods which were nonetheless, from beginning to end, Greek– all acknowledged by the divine Emperor Julian (Flavius Claudius Iulianis, I 419). This is “the providence of the King of Gods and men, the design and solution of Zeus for all his creatures, not just for a few” (HellenicGods.org 2010, THE ANCIENT GREEK RELIGION IS A UNIVERSAL RELIGION). In fact, the word Olympos itself derives from the primary verb λαμπο, “lampo,” meaning “to shine.” Olympos is “never shaken by the wind, or wet with rain or blanketed by snow; A cloudless sky is spread above the mountain, white radiance all around” (Homer Odyssey, VI 42-46) (Philostratus the Elder Imagines, 1. Others, however, were driven underground and forced into an unsure secrecy, enduring a long period of trial. Upon the Jews' return from exile in Babylon, they endeavored to protect their national identity by following the law closely. ), The Titans (e.g., Kronos, Meter Theon, etc. However, Hinduism still survives today, being the third largest followed religion in the world. The ultimate in beauty is what God has created. Hellenistic religion, any of the various systems of beliefs and practices of eastern Mediterranean peoples from 300 bc to ad 300. In today’s day and age, despite the history of Hellenism’s universalism and its wide spread from Britain to Afghanistan, with there having been Hellenes of every colour and background, and despite the fact that since the days of ancient Athens anyone could join the Hellenic ethnos so long as they underwent the Hellenizing process of paideia, there are some people who are Hellenic by genos who try to deny the religion to those born outside of the genos. Translated by Arthur Fairbanks. A Hellenic community’s acceptance of you as part of the ethnos is based Herodotos’ categorization of what makes up the Hellenikon (Herodotos Histories, 8.144.2): The more of these you have, the more of a Hellene one can be considered. Participating within a ethnos does not designate a people of common descent (genos), but a mind-set (logoi) (Libanios, Or. The term Hellenism was first coined in its proper religious sense by the blessed Emperor Flavius Claudius Iulianus Augustus to refer to the general entirety of Graeco-Roman tradition as it was fundamentally derived from the Greeks, or Hellenes. If you undergo a process of paideia and this cultivates into a conversion to Hellenism, where you participate in the Hellenic community, then you are a Hellene. One of the features of Romanticism was love for the classical past. In the Greek New Testament those ascribing to pre-Christian religions are called ta ethnē, meaning “the tribes” or “the nations” (Luke 24:47, Matthew 25:32, Matthew 28:19). Many of these decided to assume for appearance’ sake the name of Christian in order to avert the immediate threat; but it was not long before they were for the most part caught at their libations and sacrifices” (Procopius 1935, 137-141). HELLENISM, term generally used by historians to refer to the period from the death of Alexander the Great (323 B.C.E.) ere exists economic strife in the country, and its heritage is often subject to attack from all sides thanks to a. kind of internal colonialism within Europe. Hellenism was not a dead religion in 867 and it shouldn't be in game (for Laconia). Another notable example is ancient Athens, which Herodotos tells us had actually began as a pre-Hellenic Pelasgian settlement that had become Hellenized through a process of paideia, where its inhabitants learned the Hellenic language (Herodotos Histories, I.57). However, this could not be further from the truth. “THE ANCIENT GREEK RELIGION IS A UNIVERSAL RELIGION,NOT AN ETHNIC RELIGION.” http://Www.HellenicGods.org. On that note, it is important to address certain individuals who, thinking that religion and lifestyle must be separate, have come to assert that Hellenism is “not a religion, but a way of life.” This is a dangerous mistake for two reasons. This website is under constant construction. This is supported by. Zeus is not merely some lowly regional deity of the peoples of Southern Europe, but rather He is the King of Heaven, and thus He is the King of the All, who rules everything in our Kosmos, from the lowest pits of the Earth to the highest vaults of the heavens. In K. A. Dimadis. Statement of Activities For the Year Ended December 31, 2007, "From Hellenismos to Threskia to Dodekathiesm", Supreme Council of Ethnikoi Hellenes (YSEE), Supreme Council of National Greeks America, Kalash: The Lost Tribe of Alexander the Great, Tropaion: researching ancient Greek religion, Frequently asked questions about the Ethnic Hellenic religion and tradition, Pagans fight for divine rights of old Greek gods, NPR reports on "Return of the Hellenes" movement, Letter From Greece: The Gods Return to Olympus, Covenant of Unitarian Universalist Pagans, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hellenism_(religion)&oldid=995533331, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from June 2016, Articles lacking reliable references from March 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Professor Giorgos Dontas, president of the, This page was last edited on 21 December 2020, at 15:43. The Greatest Mysteries.” Chris Aldridge’s Blog and Website. “HELLENISMOS FAQ.” http://Www.HellenicGods.org. Hellenismos is the term used to describe the modern equivalent of the traditional Greek religion. And today, the greatest of the Hellenic teachers living at this very moment in Athens, tell us that Hellenism is for everyone, as it is the religion of the kosmos, declare that “the Gods do not only dwell in the mountains of Greece. London: Heinemann etc., 1962. ), The Khthonic/Dii Inferi, or Underworld deities (e.g., Plouton, Hermes, etc. The term dates all the way back to the Age of Heroes, though it’s understood that it took quite awhile for the term to take hold as a common identifier for all Hellenes. Hellenism is the most common term used to describe the continued practice of polytheistic Ancient Greek religious beliefs; it stems from the name given to Roman Emperor Julian’s revival of Greek religion, but it can also refer to Ancient Greek religion and culture in general. ), Ancestors and ancestral divinities (e.g., Lares, Penates, etc. The Odyssey. University of California Press, 2012. Hellenismos oder hellenischer Polytheismus (griechisch Ελληνική εθνική θρησκεία), auch Dodekatheismus, nach den zwölf Göttern der klassischen griechischen Religion, ist eine neue religiöse Bewegung, die sich an der traditionellen Religion des klassischen Griechenlands orientiert, nach antiken und wissenschaftlichen Quellen rekonstruiert und an die moderne Welt angepasst ist. One theory is that the ancient Hellenes originally called themselves Selloi, and that through time the initial sigma in Proto-Greek became aspirated in ancient Greek, turning /s/ into /h/ in initial positions. ), Terrestrial Daimons/Genii (e.g., Daktyloi, Satyrs, Nymphs such as Nereids and Dryads, etc. This led to the rise of the … The term dates all the way back to the Age of Heroes, though it’s understood that it took quite awhile for the term to take hold as a common identifier for all Hellenes. Hellenism’s universality is further made evident by Orpheus, a sage who lived during the Age of the Heroes who is the primary and most foundational theologian of the Hellenic religion. It was not till Hellen [son of Deucalion] and his sons grew strong in Phthiotis, and were invited as allies into the other cities, that one by one they gradually acquired from the connection the name of Hellenes; though a long time elapsed before that name could fasten itself upon all. 26). Radical Platonism in Byzantium. It helps, but reduction from 53K to 47K is just a spit in the sea. Hellenism proper is Minoan-Mykenaian in its origins, and it came to be the practiced not only by those who were born Greek by genos, but also by other peoples that came to shaped and/or influenced by the Hellenic ethos and, ultimately, adopted the Hellenic ethnos. It is well known that the Living Immortals dwell on Mount Olympos, but only the uneducated would actually think that the location of Mount Olympos was synonymous with the mountain in northern Greece. They are the Gods of all people and have dominion over everything” (HellenicGods.org 2010, THE ANCIENT GREEK RELIGION IS A UNIVERSAL RELIGION). Michael Psellos (c. 1017/1018 – 1078/1096 ACE) was accused of, and likely implicit in, being secretly a Hellene. ISBN 0-571-13524-2. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Furthermore, it cannot be confused with a secular notion of “culture” because one can be Hellenic in ancestry, speak Greek and Latin, and undertake every Hellenic cultural aspect – but if you convert to a religion incompatible with Hellenism you are not a Hellene anymore, as demonstrated by medieval “Greek Christians” who took to identifying themselves as “Rhomaioi” (i.e., Roman, Byzantine) instead of “Hellene” once they converted away from Hellenism and into Christianity (Howatson 1989, 264), rejecting the cultural force of Hellenism and explicitly classifying Hellenes as a distinct people with a separate identity (Malatras 2011, 425-427). Cambridge (Mass. Judaism believes not only that there is only one G-d who created everything, but that G-d is actively involved in ruling the world. Thoukydides tells us that “before the Trojan war there is no indication of any common action in Hellas, nor indeed of the universal prevalence of the name; on the contrary, before the time of Hellen, son of Deucalion [i.e., one of the only humans, along with his wife Pyrrhua, to survive the deluge which ended of the Age of Bronze], no such appellation existed, but the country went by the names of the different tribes, in particular of the Pelasgian. Egypt was the last important survivor of the political system which had developed as a consequence both of the victories of Alexander and of his premature death. Although publicly Hellenism was seemingly defeated, it continued on for several more centuries in two forms. Another, perhaps more mystical approach, builds off of the previous example. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Many articles are incomplete, and those which do seem complete may be subject to complete revision. On another hand, Hellenism was continued in sporadic attempts at revival among intellectuals. Imagines. Historically, Hellenism went on to continue on for many centuries, even after Christians took control of the Roman Empire and begun bloody persecution against Hellenes. Furthermore, the Gods are not bound by any mortal society and belong to no one, as They are not mere culture nor objects– They are real, living and eternal Beings who have agencies of Their own, and thus cannot be reduced to mere “trinkets” that belong to a culture, as this stupidly substitutes human judgment over that of the Gods and would thus commit the sin of hubris. Instead, we can begin to understand what an ethnos designates by looking at its etymology. Hellenism in Byzantium: the transformations of Greek identity and the reception of the classical tradition. One G-d The belief in one G-d is the first of the Ten Commandments. Today Hellenism sees a large revival movement which largely grew out of the various folk traditions which have survived since ancient antiquity. Faber and Faber. In short, Zeus used this element for binding the whole together and arranging the heavens. That mountain is merely one of at least nineteen other peaks in the ancient world also named Olympos, which were each named after the real Mount Olympos because of their awe-inspiring height, not vice versa. As such, when engaging with Zeus, or any Hellenic manifestation of divinity, They should be worshiped in distinctly Hellenic cultural systems of worship, which includes sacred rites, methods, attire, and traditions. ). https://www.academia.edu/1999944/The_making_of_an_ethnic_group_the_Romaioi_in_12th-13th_century. Press, 2011. In his eternal teachings, known as the Mysteries, Orpheus taught the origin of the Kosmos, the Gods, and ourselves. the characteristics of Greek culture, especially after the time of Alexander the … Broadly speaking, Hellenism is a polytheistic religion that understands the Gods are unchanging, unbegotten, eternal, and not in space. Persecution was harsh, however, with our temples often either being destroyed or, worse, desacrilized and converted into churches. Hellenism (Greek: Ἑλληνισμός, Ἑllēnismós), the Hellenic ethnic religion (Ἑλληνικὴ ἐθνική θρησκεία), also commonly known as Hellenismos, Hellenic Polytheism, Dodekatheism (Δωδεκαθεϊσμός), or Olympianism (Ὀλυμπιανισμός), comprises various religious movements which … It also is not “religion without rules.” And it especially is not a “religion of one’s blood” that is to be confused with the chauvinistic and brainless concept of “ethnicism.” Ethnic/Pagan religions such as Hellenism are said to be concerned with an ethnos, yes, but this is not to be confused with “race” or “blood,” as an ethnos has nothing to do with one’s blood or anything remotely similar to contemporary social constructs invented by European imperialists such as “race.” “Race” is merely a social construct based on physical attributes – and Hellenes are not of a single type: there are Hellenes who came from Egyptian backgrounds, Hellenes who came of Syrian backgrounds, Hellenes who came from Latin backgrounds, and so on. 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